Born in Lowell, MA, first trained in St Petersburg, later left the US in 1855 for Paris, where he trained under Charles Gleyre. Worked in his London studio 1859-92, influenced by French chinoiserie and ‘Anglo-Japanese’ style. Never returned to the US, and died in London in 1903.
Whistler
Born in Springfield, PA, he left the US for Rome in 1760, settled in London in 1763, and never returned to America. Appointed royal historical painter to King George III, and buried in St Paul’s Cathedral.
Arduous demands can be made on models, who are always seen in paintings but never credited. Gérôme’s Emma Dupont, Joanna Hiffernan, and Renoir’s Lise Tréhot.
How woodcut ukiyo-e prints took Europe by storm after the reached Paris in about 1856, and influenced Whistler, De Nittis, Vedder, Zorn, van Gogh and others.
After the Disaster Year of 1672, the art market collapsed. Dutch artists reverted to the more traditional, but their impact on secular themes, and genres including landscapes and still life has endured.
The Macchiaioli of Tuscany, James Whistler, Georges Seurat and the Australian Impressionists all like to sketch in oil on cigar boxes.
Painting using a palette knife, by Courbet, Renoir and Anna Althea Hills. fingerpainting by Leonardi, and ling brushes in the hands of Whistler and Sorolla.
The first modern synthetic pigment, from 1704. Adopted by Canaletto, Hogarth and many others since, and still offered in many paint ranges.
Paintings by Hogarth, Whistler, Lucy Rossetti, Orchardson, Elihu Vedder, Dagnan-Bouveret, Bonnard, and Willian McGregor Paxton.
Although of ancient origin, it took 7 centuries for Europeans to use them to cover the floor. They can be exotic in chinoiserie, luxuriant, worn and threadbare, or vibrant.
