What was Pre-Raphaelite landscape painting? A throwback to Masaccio, beyond Turner, or Ruskinism?
Turner
His second vast canvas almost brings him to financial and artistic failure, but he recovers.
Full membership of the Royal Academy, a gigantic landscape of the sublime, and several important commissions: the peak of his career.
One of the major figures in British painting in the first half of the 1800s, but usually ignored today. His oil sketches are exceptional.
Turner’s innovation was driven by his desire to explore colour contrasts and texture. But it led him to lapses in technique which have damaged his paintings.
Railways and painting have been intertwined since 1844. Turner, Manet, Monet, van Gogh, and others show how.
He painted some of the most wonderful landscapes of the nineteenth century, but today is almost forgotten.
In the last couple of years of his brief life, his watercolours changed, and pushed the boundaries, for others to follow.
In a fraction of the lifespan enjoyed by JMW Turner, Tom Girtin took watercolour to new heights. The first of two parts showing his work.
His visit to Italy resulted in some of the finest paintings of Venice, several completed shortly before his untimely death.
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