Led by progressive administrations in the French Republic and Scotland, secular classes improved discipline and improved their pupils.
Silbert
Photographic lenses introduced depth of field effects, something not normally seen in normal human vision. A few paintings followed photographs.
The human visual system seldom sees blur, and the great majority of paintings don’t show it either. This series explores the use of blur in paintings.
Blurring for dramatic effect, and to mimic photographic depth of field effects, were used in the 19th century, but motion blur came later.
Dramatic changes in the classrooms of the late 19th century, as education became politicised and paintings resembled photos.
The Eclectic Light Company 