Following another visit to Ecuador and Colombia in 1857, he painted his masterwork ‘The Heart of the Andes’, which had to be viewed using opera glasses to appreciate its intricate detail.
Church
One of the founding American masters, sole pupil of the founder of the Hudson River School, his landscapes are meticulously detailed and painted in the studio from many plein air oil sketches.
Suddenly popular in paintings from around 1880, the story of Pandora and her box brought many interpretations, and remains a story of our time.
Although not unknown beforehand, these were patented in 1787, when the term was coined. Examples from before 1627 BCE to the end of the 19th century.
Paintings from 1845 by Thomas Cole, Frederic Edwin Church his pupil, Winslow Homer, and other American artists from the 18th century.
Two strategies illustrated: painting in the valley and de-emphasising the surrounding hills, or painting from above the valley, with the hills not visible.
Although the term didn’t come into use until 1791, panoramic landscapes started earlier, and largely stopped by the end of the 19th century.
Poussin, Church, Grimshaw, Peterssen, Bierstadt, Turner, Cézanne, Klimt and Hodler paint lakes.
In landscapes by Rubens, Constable, Ford Madox Brown, Frederic Edwin Church, Millet, Pissarro, Breton, and Prendergast.
Mounts Fuji, Cotopaxi, Merapi, St Helens, and above all the most painted of all, Vesuvius during its violent eruptions.
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