Paul Cézanne led the way in Aix-en-Provence, followed rapidly by Renoir, Signac, Cross, Luce, van Rysselberghe, and Pierre Bonnard.
Cézanne
Some of the many major works from the 19th century, from Caspar David Friedrich, through Turner and Constable, to Paul Cézanne, and van Gogh’s sunflowers.
Poussin, Church, Grimshaw, Peterssen, Bierstadt, Turner, Cézanne, Klimt and Hodler paint lakes.
Essential pigments for the landscape artist: green earths, malachite, verdigris, copper resinate, Prussian green, viridian, and emerald green.
Repoussoir through windows, doors, then invading the middle of the painting with Corot and Pissarro, before Cézanne inverted it altogether.
After 1850, there was a resurgence of expressions of the emptiness and futility of earthly life, with symbols of death and transience of ephemeral objects.
Bottles of alcoholic drink as the way to disaster, absinthe, and the last need of the destitute. As virtuoso displays, and in still lifes.
Related optical effects that combine to give the impression of depth. Explored in Renaissance paintings, and some from the 19th century.
Best-known for his watercolours of Venice, he was a Post-Impressionist, and an early promoter of the art of Cézanne and Matisse in the US.
What time of day is it? How cast shadows can help or confound, a painting showing Donati’s comet that can be timed precisely, and difficulties with indoor paintings.