The harrowing of Hell, and the Resurrection in the paintings of William Blake, Jan Brueghel the Elder, William Holman Hunt, and others.
Burnand
Gleaning has Biblical origins, to let the poor get their own free supply of grain. Was it confined to the poorest, and did it remain a right, later in Europe?
Preparing the soil to deliver its best yields using a mould-board or turning plough, pulled by a team of oxen, helps the soil drain and breaks it up into a fine tilth ready for sowing.
Rolling countryside in the Downs of England, the Alban Hills near Rome, Normandy, Pontoise, the Jorat in Switzerland, and the rural Midwest.
Pontoise by Pissarro, Paul Nash’s Berkshire Downs, Rosa Bonheur’s teams of oxen ploughing, and Grant Wood’s Iowa prairie.
Related optical effects that combine to give the impression of depth. Explored in Renaissance paintings, and some from the 19th century.
The hills are alive with eagles, black grouse, sheep, highland cattle, deer, and even the occasional goat.
Photographic lenses introduced depth of field effects, something not normally seen in normal human vision. A few paintings followed photographs.
From depth cues used by painters in ancient times, through the many advances in the Northern Renaissance, to modern photographic projections.
More important than perspective projection are cues including depth order, relative size, height in the picture plane, and aerial perspective.
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