From the eighteenth century, organised circuses toured cities, and some were established to operate year-round. Here are paintings to make you gasp with wonder.
Israels
From Velázquez in the 1640s to Renoir in 1882, portraits and scenes of women sewing were popular. How did they develop?
In 1882, he painted with Vincent van Gogh in The Hague. A Naturalist without realist style, he showed street life as it was, and loved Japonism too.
Young boys and fishermen – their lives cut short. Artists including Dürer, Géricault, Malczewski, and Michael Ancher paint the tragedy.
He kept returning to the coast, and continued to paint its seasons and moods, its fury and its peace.
If anyone led Impressionism during the 1860s and early 1870s, it was surely Jongkind.