How gold leaf is applied, burnished and patterned using punches to create a jewelled surface. Seen in the Wilton Diptych, and revived by Gustav Klimt at the end of the 19th century.
gilding
With a reputation for being an impulsive and rapid painter, evidence from IR reflectography shows how this painting evolved as it was being made.
Painted on two panels of oak using egg tempera, it combines gold and raised details to mimic precious stones. How it was made.
The Eclectic Light Company 