Origins with Dürer, occasional motifs in the Dutch Golden Age, and Audubon’s birds. Liljefors painting wildlife set in natural surroundings, as works of art.
Eckhout
From the start of the Eighty Years’ War with Habsburg Spain, through the Union of Utrecht, foundation of the East India Company, tulip mania, and abundant Rembrandts.
Early explorations in the landscapes of Aelbert Cuyp, tortoises from Brazil, the first dedicated animal painter in Paulus Potter, and a concert of birds by Melchior d’Hondecoeter.
Although unusual in paintings, tortoises can have several different readings, from love to slow and faltering political reforms.
Why are there two tortoises in the foreground of Moreau’s ‘Orpheus’? After a journey through Zen Buddhism, fables, and political allegory, the answer may be more obvious.
The Eclectic Light Company 